What are the symptoms of lupus?

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various parts of the body, leading to a wide range of symptoms. The most common type is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here are the key symptoms associated with lupus:

Common Symptoms

1. Fatigue: Extreme tiredness is one of the most prevalent symptoms, affecting both physical and mental health.
2. Joint Pain and Swelling: Many individuals experience pain or swelling in the joints, often accompanied by stiffness, particularly in the morning.
3. Skin Rashes: A characteristic symptom is a butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose, which may worsen with sun exposure.
4. Fever: Low-grade fevers can occur, often accompanying other symptoms.
5. Hair Loss: Thinning hair or hair loss is common among those with lupus.
6. Mouth Sores: Frequent sores in the mouth or nose can develop.
7. Sensitivity to Sunlight: Many people with lupus experience increased sensitivity to sunlight, which can trigger skin rashes.

Less Common Symptoms

• Chest Pain: Pain when taking deep breaths (pleurisy) can occur due to inflammation of the lining of the lungs.
• Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Fingers or toes may turn blue or white in response to cold or stress, indicating reduced blood flow.
• Kidney Problems: Lupus can lead to kidney inflammation, known as lupus nephritis, which may cause swelling in the legs or around the eyes.
• Mental Health Issues: Some individuals may experience confusion, memory problems, or mood changes.
• Blood Clotting Issues: Lupus can increase the risk of blood clots, leading to complications such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

Flares and Remission

Lupus symptoms can vary significantly between individuals and may come and go in cycles, known as flares. During these periods, symptoms may worsen, followed by periods of remission when symptoms decrease or disappear.

Understanding these symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management of lupus. If you suspect you have lupus or experience these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation and treatment options.

Citations:
[1] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lupus/symptoms-causes/syc-20365789
[2] https://www.cdc.gov/lupus/signs-symptoms/index.html
[3] https://www.lupus.org/resources/common-symptoms-of-lupus
[4] https://medlineplus.gov/lupus.html
[5] https://www.webmd.com/lupus/arthritis-lupus